Cancer is a disease that originates from a single cell that grows out of control. Cancer cells can bypass the most basic cellular checks and balances because of abnormal genes. These cells exploit cellular mechanisms that are normally strictly regulated to keep an organism in balance.
This learning program is designed to introduce you to the basic principles of cancer biology, with a focus on the multistage process of cancer. The program begins with an overview of the nature of cancer, including its definition and etiology, followed by in-depth presentations on the molecular and cellular biology of cancer. You will learn about the origins of cancer in normal tissue and its progressive nature in the body. You will also learn about the body’s defenses and the repair mechanisms that normally prevent cancer development.
Upon completion of this learning program, you will be able to::
Provide a broad definition of cancer.
Identify the 2 main gene categories involved in cancer progression.
Discuss the role of mutations in oncogenesis and list the primary causes of mutations.
Describe the cancer hallmarks that give rise to tumor growth.
Explain the cellular mechanisms that allow cancer invasion and metastasis.
Getting Started
Sound Check
Disclaimer
Welcome
Navigation Instructions
Staying Focused
Introduction
Learning Objectives
The Nature Of Cancer
Overview
Definition Of Cancer
Pop Quiz
Etiology Of Cancer At A Glance
Popup: 1890 To 1910
Popup: 1930 To 1950
Popup: 1950 To 1970
Popup: 1970 To 1990
Popup: 1990 To 2010
Popup: 2010 To 2020
Multistep Oncogenesis
Popup: Initiation
Popup: Promotion
popup: Progression
Progress Check
Molecular Biology Of Cancer
Overview
Oncogenes
Side Note: Digging Deeper – List Of Common Oncogenes
Tumor Suppressor Genes
Side Note: Digging Deeper – List Of Common Tsgs
Pop Quiz
Mechanisms Of Oncogene Activation And Tsg Inactivation
Overview
Dna Repair And Genetic Instability
Popup: Base Excision Repair
Popup: Nucleotide Excision Repair
Popup: Nonhomologous End-joining
Popup: Homologous Recombination
Pop Quiz
Mutations
Popup: Point Mutations
Popup: Translocations
Popup: Amplifications And Deletions
Popup: Whole Chromosome Gain Or Loss
Epigenetics
Progress Check
Chemical Carcinogenesis
Radiation
Popup: Uv Light
Popup: Ionizing Radiation
Pop Quiz
Oncoviruses
Inflammation
Pop Quiz
Hereditary Factors
Neoplastic Transformation
Cellular Biology Of Cancer
Overview
Sustaining Proliferative Signaling
Evading Growth Suppressors
Resisting Apoptosis
Pop Quiz
Enabling Replicative Immortality
Deregulating Cellular Energetics
Side Note: Digging Deeper – The Warburg Effect
Progress Check
Cancer Invasion And Metastasis
Overview
Inducing Angiogenesis
What Is Angiogenesis?
Neoplastic Angiogenesis
Pop Quiz
Activating Invasion And Metastasis
Overview
Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition
Extravasation And Intravasation
Colonization
Side Note: Digging Deeper – Main Sites Of Metastasis
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